Lion-Tailed Macaque: Habitat, Threats and Conservation

Category: Environment / Endangered Species

UPSC Notes

The lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) is an endemic primate of India's Western Ghats. It is recognised by its black fur, silver-white mane around the face and tufted tail.

Habitat and ecology

  • Inhabits tropical evergreen and moist forests.

  • Primarily arboreal, spending much of its life in trees.

  • Feeds on fruits, seeds, insects and other forest foods.

  • Plays a role in forest ecology, including seed dispersal.

Major threats

  • Fragmentation of evergreen forests.

  • Roads, plantations and other development pressures.

  • Isolation of small populations.

  • Habitat degradation and human disturbance.

Key Pointers for UPSC

  • Scientific name: Macaca silenus.

  • Distribution: Western Ghats of southern India.

  • IUCN status: Endangered.

  • It is endemic to India.

  • Protected areas in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu are important for its conservation.

  • Habitat connectivity is crucial for maintaining viable populations.