Indo-Islamic Architecture

Notes

Features: true arch, dome, minaret, squinch/pendentive, mortar, arabesque, calligraphy, jali, geometry, no figural images, and later charbagh gardens.
Delhi Sultanate:
- Slave:
  - Qutb Minar (begun by Aibak, completed by Iltutmish, about 72.5 m, UNESCO 1993).
  - Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque.
  - Adhai-din-ka-Jhonpra (Ajmer).
  - Iltutmish's tomb.
- Khalji: Alai Darwaza (true arch and dome, red sandstone and marble), Siri.
- Tughlaq: Tughlaqabad, tomb of Ghiyasuddin (sloping walls, or batter), Firoz Shah Kotla.
- Sayyid/Lodi: octagonal tombs, Lodi Garden, double domes.
Provincial styles:
- Jaunpur: Atala Masjid.
- Bengal: Adina Mosque (Pandua).
- Gujarat: Jama Masjid, Sidi Saiyyed jali.
- Malwa: Hoshang Shah's tomb, Jahaz Mahal.
- Deccan: Bahmani, Gol Gumbaz (Bijapur, Adil Shahi, whispering gallery), Charminar (1591, Quli Qutb Shah, Hyderabad).
Sur: Sher Shah's tomb at Sasaram; Purana Qila.

Key points: Hindu-Muslim synthesis is visible in the use of local motifs, lotus, bells and corbelled work.